Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) and Floortime (DIR) are therapies used for children with autism. The two therapies are similar in some ways but very different in others. The following are descriptions and comparisons of the two options.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) Therapy
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) therapy uses positive reinforcement to help children with autism increase language and communication, improve focus and attention, improve social skills, and reduce behavioral problems. ABA therapy begins with a Board Certified Behavior Analyst (BCBA) who is certified by the Behavior Analysis Certification Board (BACB) and licensed in their state, assessing the child and developing individualized programming to address the child’s specific needs. Ongoing therapy is provided by Registered Behavior Technicians (RBTs), also certified by the BACB.
In ABA therapy goals are created for each child and individual programs are run to help the child learn skills and achieve those goals. Complex skills are broken down into smaller steps. It is therapist-led. RBTs run the programs with the child and provide the child with rewards when the child is successful in the steps required to learn the skill. The rewards that the child receives can be an item or activity the therapy team knows the child will really enjoy.
The effectiveness of ABA therapy is supported by extensive research. It is considered an evidence-based practice by the U.S. Surgeon General and American Psychological Association and is endorsed by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, the National Institute of Mental Health, the Centers for Disease Control, the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and many other organizations.
Developmental, Individual Differences, Relationship-Based (DIR) Therapy (Floortime)
Developmental, Individual Differences, Relationship-Based (DIR) Therapy (Floortime) places a significant emphasis on emotional connection and development to improve behaviors. Floortime teaches children to progress through a hierarchy of six milestones, including:
- Self-regulation and interest in the world
- Engagement in relationships
- Two-way communication
- Complete communication
- Emotional ideas
- Emotional thinking
Floortime is child-led and involves the parent or therapist getting on the floor with the child, following the child’s lead, and interacting with them at their level. Certification is not required to deliver Floortime therapy. The techniques can be learned through training and websites and anyone, including parents and other caregivers, can deliver it.
Floortime has shown positive results in improving emotional regulation and awareness, but research is limited and more is needed. Floortime is considered evidence-based by the National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence & Practice.
Should My Child Receive ABA Therapy or Floortime Therapy?
ABA therapy has been the preferred therapy for children with autism, both because of the research supporting it and because of the skills that children have been able to develop through ABA. Parents who are also considering Floortime should research both options and observe them in practice so that they can choose the type of therapy that they believe will be best for their child.
Steps to Progress is here to support your child and your family. We can help you learn more about autism and ABA therapy so that you will be able to make an informed choice for your child. Contact us – we are happy to answer your questions!
